Figure5
![A review of causality-based fairness machine learning](https://image.oaes.cc/ab6bafdc-262a-4cf2-9e81-e476e95983e5/5055-5.jpg)
Figure 5. Two alternative graphs for the loan application system. (a) A causal graph of the loan application system, where Race is the sensitive attribute and Loan is the decision. (b) A causal graph of the system after removing unresolved discrimination. (c) A causal graph of the system that is free of proxy discrimination.