fig1

Figure 1. Patient position. (A) The original semi-prone position was created by placing the patient on the operating table in a prone position with the right side of the upper body slightly elevated on a bolster; (B) The modified semi-prone position was created by rotating the operating table in the hybrid position combining the left lateral decubitus and prone positions. Compared to the original semi-prone position (A), the modified semi-prone position (B) created a larger space between the anterior chest and the operating table (yellow arrows) and a slightly longer distance between the right arm and the fourth port (blue arrows).