fig1

Intraoperative imaging techniques for robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy: where do we stand?

Figure 1. RAPN using NIR fluorescent imaging with ICG. Renal tumor is seen under (A) white light and under (B) NIRF imaging with ICG. It appears hypofluorescent, adjacent to bright green normal renal parenchyma. RAPN: Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy; NIR: near-infrared; ICG: indocyanine green; NIRF: near-infrared fluorescence.

Mini-invasive Surgery
ISSN 2574-1225 (Online)
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