fig1

Figure 1. Intraoperative view of free-running electromyography (EMG) monitoring. (A)The needle electrodes are located on bilateral gluteus medius, hamstrings, quadriceps, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius; (B) exact waves of EMG from gluteus medius (upper) and tibialis anterior muscle (lower) are shown. Note that the waves reach the level of warning alarm (white arrows)