fig3

Figure 3. The relative abundance of the three main Akkermansia species and A. muciniphila sub-phylogroup in two different patient cohorts can correlate with disease outcomes. (A) In vivo growth rate is a minor contributor to the relative abundance of Akkermansia species in stool samples. A simple linear regression was performed to determine if the relative abundance of Akkermansia in a metagenomics sequencing sample is predictive of the estimated growth rate as determined by SMEG. Each regression line is colored by, and represents, either A. muciniphila, A. massiliensis, or A. biwaensis; (B) Comparison of the relative abundances of A. muciniphila, A. massiliensis, and A. biwaensis between children with obesity, defined as having a gender-specific BMI greater than the 95th percentile, and control samples from the POMMS dataset; (C) Comparison of the relative abundances of A. muciniphila, A. massiliensis, and A. biwaensis between healthy controls, CD, and UC samples from the combined IBD dataset; (D) Comparison of the relative abundances of AmIa and AmIb A. muciniphila between children with obesity and control samples from the POMMS dataset; (E) Comparison of the relative abundances of AmIa and AmIb A. muciniphila between healthy controls, CD, and UC samples from the combined IBD dataset. SMEG: Strain-level metagenomic estimation of growth rate; BMI: body mass index; POMMS: Pediatric Obesity Microbiome and Metabolism Study; UC: ulcerative colitis; CD: Crohn’s disease.