fig1

Figure 1. Changes in the relative abundances (%) as a result of IAP exposure in different studies of: (A) bifidobacteria; (B) bacteroides; and (C) enterobacteria. Data are from between 7 and 90 days of life, with the exception of the Ainonen et al.’s study^[23], which was conducted at one year in full-term vaginally delivery babies. Mean (%) was calculated from the relative abundances numerically available in the eight studies included. IAP: Intrapartum antimicrobial prophylaxis.