fig10

Figure 10. Performance characterization and tests of iron-based (Fe, Co, Ni) single-atom catalysts for carbon dioxide reduction electrocatalysts. (A-D) Dark-field TEM, EDX elemental mapping, and AC HAADF-STEM images of Ni-NC(HPU), respectively. The (A-D) are quoted with permission from Li et al.^[43]; (E) WT EXAFS of the k³-weighted k-space spectra of different samples. Fe-N₄, Fe-S₁N₃ and Fe-B₁N₃. This figure is quoted with permission from Wang et al.^[52]; (F) Schematic illustration of a flow cell with the gas diffusion electrode for CO₂ electroreduction; (G) The values of FE_CO and j_CO of Ni₁-N-C-50 tested by chronopotentiometric measurements under various current densities; (H) Comparison of j_CO (tested in the flow cell), time and energy consumption in the pyrolysis process between Ni₁-N-C-50 and Ni₁-N-C-furnace. The (F-H) are quoted with permission from Wen et al.^[93]. AC HAADF-STEM: Aberration-corrected high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy; TEM: Transmission electron microscopy; EDX: Energy-dispersive X-ray; WT: Wavelet-transformed; EXAFS: Extended X-ray absorption fine structure.