fig3

Figure 3. (A) Schematic illustration of the synthesis of Ru₁@WO_x/CN; (B) The conversion (%) and the overall turnover frequency of LA to GVL for the Ru₁@WO_x/CN (Label A in the figure), and other commercial catalysts(left). The recycling text of the Ru₁@WO_x/CN catalyst^[51]. Copyright 2021 American Chemical Society; (C) Screening of different catalysts for LA reductive amination^[53]. Copyright 2022 Elsevier. LA: Levulinic acid; GVL: γ-valerolactone.