fig14

Figure 14. (A) Schematic of the RCF of wood over the Pd0.25/CNx catalyst with importance of reaction factors toward lignin extraction, depolymerization, and stabilization[110]. Copyright 2020 American Chemical Society; (B) The overall sustainability concept of lignocellulose upgrading reformation and application[113]. Copyright 2023 Elsevier. RCF: Reductive catalytic fractionation.