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Figure 3. Polarization response and microstructure under electric field of BNST ceramic. (A) J-E curves of BNST ceramic samples at different applied electric fields. (B) Amplitude image and (C) phase image of domain structures in BNST ceramic. (D) Local switching spectra obtained via PFM, showing phase and amplitude response as a function of electric field. (E) Raman spectra and the fitting results of thirteen Gaussian-Lorentzian peaks for BNST ceramic at varying electric fields. (F) Variation of Gaussian-Lorentzian peak positions in regions I-III as a function of electric field. (G) Comparison of Raman spectra for poled and unpoled BNST samples.