fig16

Reduced dimensional ferroelectric domains and their characterization techniques

Figure 16. DPC-TEM measurements of electric fields. (A) Schematic representation of the basic principle of the DPC technique. (B) Vector plot of the atomic electric field in Ca-doped BiFeO3. Reproduced with permission[200]. Copyright 2018, American Chemical Society. (C) Electric fields at the polar domain walls. Reproduced with permission[201]. Copyright 2020, The Authors, published by Springer Nature Limited.

Microstructures
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