fig13

Figure 13. (A) XRD patterns of the FNPBO products with different ratios of Fe to Ni. (B) LSV curves of different samples. (Reproduced with permission^[119]. Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society). (C) The synthesis of systematic amorphous NiWO₄ and Fe-doped amorphous NiWO₄. (D) HRTEM and (E) SAED of NiWO₄. (F) HRTEM and (G) SAED of Fe-doped NiWO₄. (H) Possible crystal field study of NiWO₄ with or without Fe³⁺ doping. (I) Backward LSV curve of NiWO₄, Fe-doped NiWO₄, annealed NiWO₄, and annealed Fe-doped NiWO₄ at a scan rate of 5 mV/s in 1 M KOH. (Reproduced with permission^[120]. Copyright 2023, American Chemical Society). (J) XRD patterns of the prepared catalysts. (K) N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherm and pore-size distribution (inset) of the MNC. (L) OER polarization curves without iR-compensation. (M) Tafel slopes. (N) The elementary steps for the OER process catalyzed by various catalysts. (Reproduced with permission^[121]. Copyright 2018, WILEY-VCH).