Perspective on MOFs-derived catalysts for photothermal dry reforming of methane

In the context of the global energy crisis and the urgent need for clean energy, dry reforming of methane (DRM) presents a dual benefit by transforming methane and CO₂ into syngas with an ideal H₂/CO ratio. However, traditional thermal DRM processes suffer from the need for elevated temperatures, a challenge that results in catalyst degradation and excessive carbon release. Photothermal catalysis has emerged as a viable alternative, effectively mitigating energy demand and reducing operational temperatures. Compared to traditional precious metal catalysts, non-precious metal catalysts, including Ni and Co, exhibit distinct benefits in terms of cost-effectiveness and availability. Despite these benefits, the rapid deactivation caused by carbon deposition and/or active metal sintering remains a major challenge for large-scale applications. Metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived catalysts have been considered an effective strategy to improve the dispersion and activity of Ni-based catalysts. Nonetheless, the development of MOFs is still in the nascent stages. This work offers a detailed review of progress in photothermal DRM (PDRM) catalyst development, highlighting the potential applications, key challenges, and systematic design principles for MOFs. Finally, we present a vision for the advancement of high-performance PDRM catalysts, outlining key opportunities and challenges.