fig11

Figure 11. Implantable hydrogel interfaces. (A and B) Development of optically controlled “living electrodes” with long-projecting axon tracts for a synaptic brain-machine interface^[99]; (C and D) Adaptive and multifunctional hydrogel hybrid probes for long-term sensing and modulation of neural activity^[100]; (E-F) Electrodes with robust conducting hydrogel coating for neural recording and modulation^[101].