fig4

Figure 4. Recent advances in electrode pattern design. (A) A bistable ECD showing a QR code with laser-etched ITO-PET electrode. Reproduced with permission^[90]. Copyright 2022, CCS Publications; (B) Schematic and photographs of the flexible chalcogenoviologens-based display based on different etched patterns on ITO-PET electrodes. Reproduced with permission^[85]. Copyright 2021, Elsevier; (C) A patterned ECD with the etched digital array on ultrathin flexible ITO-glass electrode. Reproduced with permission^[83]. Copyright 2023, Wiley-VCH; (D) ECD based on the patterned AgNWs on the PDMS electrode. Reproduced with permission^[54]. Copyright 2014, ACS Publications; (E) Schematic illustration of template-assisted methods with spray coating to fabricate patterned AgNWs/PEDOT:PSS-PET electrode. Reproduced with permission^[32]. Copyright 2021, Elsevier. ECD: Electrochromic display; QR: Quick Response; ITO: indium tin oxide; PET: polyethylene terephthalate; AgNWs: silver nanowires; PDMS: polydimethylsiloxane; PEDOT:PSS: poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate.