fig10

Figure 10. Recent advances in ECD pixels design. Device demonstration of (A) flexible and (B) stretchable PEDOT:PSS-based passive matrix ECDs. Reproduced with permission^[113,114].Copyright 2023, ACS Publications. Copyright 2013, Elsevier; (C) 6 × 6 stretchable active matrix ECD by integrating n-type FET with the P3MT/PB ECD pixel using liquid metal interconnection. Reproduced with permission^[61]. Copyright 2019, Elsevier; (D) A fully screen-printed active-matrix PEDOT:PSS-based ECD fabricating with SWCNT thin film transistor. Reproduced with permission^[116]. Copyright 2016, ACS Publications; (E) Lateral ECD pixels based on three electrochromic polymers with the same PEDOT:PSS counter electrode. Reproduced with permission^[119]. Copyright 2021, ACS Publications; (F) numerical electrochromic pixelated display constructed by the same PEDOT:PSS counter electrode and EC and electrolyte pixels. Reproduced with permission^[65]. Copyright 2021, Elsevier; (G) multicolor ECD with electrochromic polymer pixels and patterned Au-PET electrode. Reproduced with permission^[117]. Copyright 2020, Elsevier; (H) Eight digital flexible ECDs with seven separated ECD pixels. Reproduced with permission^[84]. Copyright 2023, Wiley-VCH. ECD: Electrochromic display; PEDOT:PSS: poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate; FET: field-effect transistor; P3MT: poly(3-methylthiophene); PB: Prussian blue; SWCNT: single wall carbon nanotube; EC: electrochromic; PET: polyethylene terephthalate.