fig2

Figure 2. PHMR sensor’s operating mechanism and PHE characterization. (A) Optical microscope image of ring-type PHMR sensor; (B) Computer-generated diagram showing the constituent layers of the PHMR sensor; (C) PHE profile of the PHMR sensor; (D) Experiment setup involved in measuring magnet-to-sensor distance; (E) Calibrated output voltage produced by PHMR sensor due to variation of magnet distance. PHMR: Planar Hall magnetoresistance; PHE: planar Hall effect.