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Figure 8. Multiplexed biosensors coupling electrochemical and physiological biomarkers for monitoring diabetes mellitus. (A) A chemical-electrophysiological hybrid bio-sensing system with screen-printed lactate sensor and ECG electrodes. Reproduced with permission^[246]. Copyright 2016, The Authors; (B) A wearable smart band for detecting sweat-based glucose and vital signs. Reproduced with permission^[247]. Copyright 2016, Springer Nature Limited; (C) A wireless ear-worn device capable of pH, lactate and ECG sensing during physical exercise. Reproduced with permission^[248]. Copyright 2018, WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim; (D) Scheme of biofuel-powered soft biosensor with multiplexed metabolic sensing system. Reproduced with permission^[249]. Copyright 2020, The American Association for the Advancement of Science; (E) An epidermal patch capable of monitoring sweat-based lactate, caffeine, alcohol and ISF-based glucose and ultrasound-based hemodynamic information. Reproduced with permission^[250]. Copyright 2021, The Authors, under exclusive license to Springer Nature Limited, part of Springer Nature. WE: Working electrode; RE: reference electrode; CE: counter electrode; ISF: interstitial fluid; ECG: electrocardiogram.