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Injectable and tissue-conformable conductive hydrogel for MRI-compatible brain-interfacing electrodes

Figure 3. Evaluation of ICH-based soft brain interface. (A) Fabrication scheme of ICH-based soft brain interface. Each step represents: (i) reforming PVDF-HFP film, (ii) punching channel site, (iii, iv) extrusion-based printing of ICH, and (v) connecting wires to ICH arrays; (B) Photograph of ICH-based soft brain interface; (C) Evaluating tensile stress per strain of “with” or “without” ICH-injected on the PVDF-HFP; (D) Young’s modulus of “with” or “without” ICH-injected PVDF-HFP and previous reported Young’s modulus of “PDMS” and “SEBS”; (E) Photograph of conformal contact between ICH-based soft brain interface with brain phantom model; (F) Electrochemical impedance property of different pair of channels (long connection wire from channel “1, 3” and short connection wire from channel “2, 4”) from ICH-based soft brain interface in PBS solution; (G-I) representative live/dead staining images of HT22 cells of NT (G), PVDF-HFP (H), and ICH (I) after 24 h incubation at 37°C. Living cells appear green, dead cells appear red (scale bar = 400 μm). (J) Cell viability of NT, PVDF-HFP, and ICH (n = 3, mean ± SD) (*P < 0.05, ns = not significant). ICH: injectable conductive hydrogel; NT: not treated; PDMS: polydimethylsiloxane; PVDF-HFP: poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene); SEBS: styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene.

Soft Science
ISSN 2769-5441 (Online)
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