fig10

Figure 10. (A) Material flexibility of 3D printed microfluidic devices with minimal feature size. (Reproduced with permission from Ref.^[234]. Copyright^© 2021. American Chemical Society); (B) bioprinted templates enclosed in GelMA hydrogels and respective microchannels perfused with a fluorescent microbead suspension. (Reproduced with permission from Ref.^[235]. Copyright^© 2014. The Royal Society of Chemistry); (C) 3D microvascular via omnidirectional printing within a hydrogel matrix. (Reproduced with permission from Ref.^[236]. Copyright^© 2011. WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim); (D) 3D microfluidics in “Umbrella” structure programmed from original shape to a deformed shape under external forces. (Reproduced with permission from Ref.^[237]. Copyright^© 2022. American Chemical Society); (E) schematic and optical image of the helical pattern of gel fiber template fixed on punctured PDMS. (Reproduced with permission from Ref.^[238]. Copyright^© 2019. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute).