fig2

Figure 2. Synthesis and alignment methods of LCEs. (A) Two-stage thiol-acrylate Michael addition and photopolymerization reaction. Scale bar, 1 cm. Reproduced with permission^[56]. Copyright 2011, RSC advances; (B) 3D printing methods for creating LCE structures with complex patterns. Scale bars, 1 mm. Reproduced with permission^[57]. Copyright 2018, WILEY-VCH; (C) schematic illustration of the drawing process for producing LCE fibers. Reproduced with permission^[54]. Copyright 2019, Royal Society of Chemistry; (D) schematic illustration of the microfluidic method for producing LCE fibers. Reproduced with permission^[59]. Copyright 2005, Royal Society of Chemistry; (E) one-pot crosslink reaction by surface treatment for the alignment at local regions, which was used for the fabrication of a LCE iris. Scale bars, 5 mm. Reproduced with permission^[61]. Copyright 2017, WILEY-VCH; (F) top-down microfabrication techniques for one-pot fabrication of LCE sheets with a programmable alignment. The deformed configuration is like a human face. Scale bar, 1 cm. Reproduced with permission^[62]. Copyright 2018, National Academy of Sciences.