fig7
Figure 7. Data-driven inverse design for 4D shape-changing structures. (A) Evolutionary algorithm for 4D shape-morphing beams[138]. (B) Convolutional neural network for 4D shape-morphing beams[141]. (C) 4D shape morphing wing designed by evolutionary algorithm[139]. (D) Machine learning prediction for the dynamic curvatures of SU-8 shape morphing strips[142].