fig4

Figure 4. The shared genes and pathways for MASLD and CMTs. (A) Using TWAS, SMR, GCTA-fastBAT, and MAGMA, the number of genes for each MASLD-CMTs trait pair was identified. Distinct colors are allocated to each method, with the number of identified genes clearly labeled on each level. To correct for multiple testing, the FDR adjustment was applied; (B) Genes are presented with all four gene-centric analysis methods identified and shared by at least three MASLD-CMTs trait pairs. The bottom of the figure shows the trait pairs, while the left side displays the genes. The purple color signifies the presence of genes. FDR correction was utilized to correct for multiple tests in each analysis; (C) Biological mechanisms categorize the KEGG pathway enrichment of genes shared by MASLD and CMTs. Pathways with FDR < 0.05 in the hypergeometric test were all included. MASLD: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; CMTs: cardiometabolic traits; FDR: false discovery rate; TWAS: transcriptome-wide association study; SMR: Summary-data-based Mendelian Randomization; AAA: abdominal aortic aneurysm; WHRadjBMI: WHR adjusted for BMI; WHR: waist-to-hip ratio; BMI: body mass index; T2D: type 2 diabetes; VTE: venous thromboembolism; TG: triglyceride; nonHDLC: non-HDL cholesterol; MI: myocardial infarction; HyperT: hypertension; CAD: coronary artery disease; HF: heart failure; PAD: peripheral artery disease; AF: atrial fibrillation; FI: fasting insulin.