fig13

Figure 13. (A) Separation and cleaning flow of the HGMS system^[81]; (B) FEM simulation of the magnetic field distribution near a circular cross-section substrate with the strongest magnetic field in the horizontal direction^[82]; (C) Longitudinal distribution of particle motion trajectories near a circular cross-section, with escape trajectories in red, critical trajectories in blue, and capture trajectories in green; (D) Particle accumulation maps on different cross-sectional substrates^[83]; (E) Particle size separation limits in the HGMS system, with circles (μ₀H = 2 T) and boxes (μ₀H = 7 T) as separation limit regions^[84]. FEM: Finite element method; HGMS: High Gradient Magnetic Separation.