fig7

Figure 7. (A) Schematic illustrations of the synthesis of TiNiN@Pt catalyst. Reproduced with the permission of Ref.^[109] Copyright 2016, American Chemical Society. (B) Schematic illustrations of Pt/spherical TiN NPs and Pt/scaffold-like TiN NTs catalysts, Reproduced with the permission of Ref.^[110] Copyright 2016, American Chemical Society. SEM images of (C) Ti_0.9Ni_0.1N nanotubes. Reproduced with the permission of Ref.^[124]. Copyright 2018, Royal Social of Chemistry, (D) Ti_0.9Cu_0.1N nanoflakes. Reproduced with the permission of Ref.^[116] Copyright 2018, Elsevier, (E) TiN nanorods. Reproduced with the permission of Ref.^[110]. Copyright 2016, American Chemical Society, (F) TiN nanosphere. Reproduced with the permission of Ref.^[119] Copyright 2022, Elsevier. (G) Schematic illustrations of the synthesis of Pt/VN catalyst. (H) (i) Adsorption sites of Pt₁ or Pt₆ on the VN surface (ii and iii) top view and side view of the Pt₆-VN system, respectively. Reproduced with the permission of Ref.^[126] Copyright 2017, Elsevier. (I) Schematic illustrations of the synthesis of 2D layered mesoporous Pt/TMNs/G catalysts. Reproduced with the permission of Ref.^[130]. Copyright 2016, American Chemical Society.