fig3

Figure 3. Bioengineered endothelialized vessel-on-a-chip for thrombosis research on pathological vascular geometry. (A) Concept of in vitro modeling of endothelialized pathological vascular geometry. The blood flow changes within the vessels that have experienced a reduction in their diameter, referred to as stenosis, including increased vorticity, turbulence, and blood pressure changes, which will have a direct effect on nearby endothelial shear stress. Fabricating microfluidic chips with stenosis-like features is essential for studying thrombosis mechanisms and endothelial cell response to vascular stenosis. (B) Microvasculature-on-a-post device^[73]. (i) Schematic of the design of the post microfluidics; (ii) representative PDMS-based chip loaded with blood; and (iii) microstructure of the post under a scanning electron microscope, scar bar: 40 μm. (C) Schematic of vascular injury modeling using a humanized vessel-on-a-chip device^[70].