fig8
Figure 8. Proposed MCNN-BRNN architecture for SOC estimation[65]. (A) Multiscale learning; (B) Intercorrelation learning; (C) Bidirectional learning; (D) Estimation. Elsevier Copyright 2024. MCNN: Multi-column convolutional neural network; BRNNs: bidirectional recurrent neural network; SOC: state of charge; LIB: lithium-ion battery.
