fig9

Figure 9. Predicted hydroxide conductivity (OH^- conductivity, mS/cm) vs. equilibrium WU (wt%) for the training dataset (experimental data) and the candidate copolymers (prediction data). The color map represents the predicted equilibrium SR (%), with darker shades indicating lower SRs. The star markers indicate the candidates with no fluorine that meet all ideal screening criteria: hydroxide conductivity ≥ 100 mS/cm, WU ≤ 35%, SR ≤ 50%. The figure demonstrates how the ML model identifies promising AEM candidates with optimized properties for further investigation. WU: Water uptake; SR: swelling ratio; ML: machine learning; AEM: anion exchange membrane.