fig1

Figure 1. Schematic illustration of various experimental methods to characterize the wetting behavior of 2D materials. Macroscopic level methods include WCA measurement on (A) suspended and (B) supported 2D materials, while microscopic level methods include the wettability indirectly implied by (C) surface energy measurements and (D) spectroscopy characterizations. AFM: Atomic force microscope; IR: infrared pulse; VIS: visible pulse; WCA: water contact angles; 2D: two-dimensional.