fig1

Figure 1. Effect-oriented screening of robust effect components. (A) Substances selected by the SPM were indicated as red points; (B) Further screening through the PLS and BKMR models to identify key effect components; (C) Substances exhibiting significant correlations with more than three cellular effects are identified as robust effect components, as indicated by the species count. SPM: Single pollutant model; PLS: partial least squares regression; BKMR: Bayesian kernel machine regression.