fig6

Figure 6. (A) Schematic illustration of carbon substrate well-dispersing with nanoparticle scavengers. Reproduced with permission^[87]. Copyright 2022, Springer Nature. (B) The size distribution of the Ta-TiO_x nanoparticles. Reproduced with permission^[87]. Copyright 2022, Springer Nature. (C) Adsorption affinity of H₂O₂ and derived free radical on the Fe-N-C and TaO₂-OH surfaces. Copyright 2022, Springer Nature. Reproduced with permission^[87]. (D) Schematic depiction of CeO₂ nanoparticles scavenging radicals and their elimination zone. Reproduced with permission^[89]. Copyright 2023, John Wiley and Sons. (E) Long-term stability test of FeN₄ with Pt nanoparticles at a constant current density of 0.1 A cm^-2. Reproduced with permission^[90]. Copyright 2023, American Chemical Society. (F) HAADF-STEM image of atomically dispersed Pt, Fe sites and Pt-Fe alloy nanoparticles. Reproduced with permission^[93]. Copyright 2022, Springer Nature. (G) H₂/O₂ fuel cell polarization and power density plots of the Pt-Fe-N-C with Pt-Fe nanoalloys before and after 100,000 potential cycles between 0.6 and 0.95 V. Reproduced with permission^[93]. Copyright 2022, Springer Nature.