fig4

Figure 4. 2D materials as protective layer for metal anodes. (A) Schematic illustration of designed dual-layer coated lithium metal using BF₃-doped Ti₃C₂ MXene. The BF₃-MXene outer layer shields the lithium metal from electrolytes, while Li carboxylates stabilize the lithium metal anode and improve interphase wetting. Reproduced with permission^[124]. Copyright 2023, Wiley-VCH GmbH. (B) Graphic visualization of the working principle during lithium plating and stripping process of protectives composed of Ag NPs, rGO layers, and BCP layers on the electrode surface. Reproduced with permission^[125]. Copyright 2022, Wiley-VCH GmbH. (C) Schematic illustration of Zn plating on bare Zn foil (upper) and NGO@Zn electrode (lower). The parallelism and zincophilicity of the NGO layer enable the flat deposition of Zn. Reproduced with permission^[126]. Copyright 2021, Wiley-VCH GmbH. (D) Suggested degeneration process of bare Mg anode in Mg(TFSI)₂/DME, along with the protective impact of a defect-free MOF membrane through precise size-sieve effect of MOF micropores. Reproduced with permission^[130]. Copyright 2022, Wiley-VCH GmbH.