fig20

Figure 20. (A) Photocatalytic chemical reaction yielding benzaldehyde and H2 simultaneously. Output rates of benzaldehyde and H2 over (B) various photocatalysts fabricated by several treatments; (C) photocatalysts through thermal treatment in numerous atmospheres; (D) optimized photocatalysts at different times prepared by thermal treatment; and (E) various M/HNb3O8-H2 (M = Pt, Ni, Pd, Au) photocatalysts acquired by thermal treatment[104]. Copyright 2021, Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.