fig4

Figure 4. (A) Formation of SP-MOF cubosomes; (B) SEM and (C) TEM images of SP-ZIF-8^[60]. Copyright 2023, Wiley-VCH; (D) Schematic illustration of the formation route of SOM-ZIF-8; (E) Low-magnification SEM image and (F) SEM images taken from different directions of SOM-ZIF-8^[45]. Copyright 2018, the American Association for the Advancement of Science; (G) Schematic illustration of evaporation-based self-assembly and ice-templating self-assembly; (H and I) SEM images and (J and K) TEM images of the TR-Z8-1 monolayer^[63]. Copyright 2022, American Chemical Society. MOF: Metal–organic framework; SEM: scanning electron microscopy; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; ZIF: zeolitic imidazolate framework.