fig4

Figure 4. (A) Flow chart of utilizing the recovered materials from spent ternary LIBs to synthesize Mn-based multi-oxide catalysts. Quoted with permission from Guo et al.^[53]; (B) Schematic diagram of reuse of spent LiNi_0.94Co_0.05Mn_0.01O₂ cathodes via electrochemical delithiation technology. Quoted with permission from Li et al.^[54]; (C) Schematic diagram of preparation for NiMnCo-based catalysts from spent LIBs. Quoted with permission from Jiao et al.^[55]. LIBs: Lithium-ion batteries; NCM: LiNi_xCo_yMn_1-x-yO₂; de: delithiation; AC: activated carbon.