fig3
![Recycling valuable materials from the spent lithium ion batteries to catalysts: methods, applications, and characterization](https://image.oaes.cc/df092ec8-532d-4026-b0bd-55557e43efb0/cs3066.fig.3.jpg)
Figure 3. (A) Schematic illustration of the recycling process of spent LiFePO4 batteries to prepare Fe-N-P-doped catalysts. Quoted with permission from Luo et al.[48]; (B) Schematic diagram of the recycling process of spent LiFePO4 to regenerate defect-rich NiFe catalysts. Quoted with permission from Cui et al.[49]. LIBs: Lithium-ion batteries; LFP: lithium iron phosphate.