fig9

Figure 9. (A) Wearable applications of the zwitterionic sulfobetaine/cellulose hydrogel electrolyte: (i) semi-interpenetrating networks of the ZSC-gel; (ii) synthesis of the ZSC-gel; (iii) wearable applications of the polyzwitterion-battery. Reproduced with permission from^[133]. Copyright 2020, Wiley-VCH; (B) The DN zwitterionic hydrogel electrolyte used for zinc-ion batteries and PANI-based supercapacitors: (i) structures of the first and second PAM network hydrogels; (ii) hydrogen bond or electrostatic interactions; (iii) the mechanism diagram of compressible progress; (iv) the hydrogel electrolyte interacting with water molecules and cations including H⁺, K⁺, Zn²⁺, and Mn²⁺, or anions including OH^-, AC^-, and SO₄^2-; (v) GCD cycling curves of the P(A3-co-S1)@PAM devices before and after 50% compression dipped in pH = 14 and pH = 1 solutions; (vi) tensile stress-strain curves of P(A3-co-S1)@PAM hydrogel immersing into the mixed solution of 1 M ZnSO₄ and 0.2 mL MnSO₄ (pH = 6.5) for 0-7 days. Reproduced with permission from^[134]. Copyright 2023, Wiley-VCH GmbH. MAEDS: [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]diethy-(3-sulopropyl); PAM: polyacrylamide; PANI: polyaniline; GCD: galvanostatic chargeing discharge.