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Figure 2. Electron microscopy and structural characterization. (A, E) BF-STEM images and the corresponding (B-D, F-H) Mn, Ce and O elemental maps of MnO_x/CeO₂(0.05). (E) Enlarged view of the yellow square in (A). (I-L) ABF-STEM and EDS analysis of MnO_x/CeO₂(0.05). (M, N) High-resolution STEM images of MnO_x/CeO₂(0.05) catalyst. The isolated Ce sites in the amorphous region are highlighted by yellow circles in (N). (O) Raman and (P) EPR spectra of various samples. BF-STEM: Bright field-scanning transmission electron microscopy; ABF-STEM: annular bright field-scanning transmission electron microscopy.