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Figure 1. Mechanism of resistance to Immunotherapy. The tumor microenvironment of melanoma secretes various cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and microRNAs that inhibit the function of immune cells or promote the recruitment of immunosuppressive cells. MDSC: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells; TSLP: thymic stromal lymphopoietin; Treg: regulatory T cell; IFN: interferon; ATRA: all-trans retinoic acid. The figure was created with Biorender (http://www.biorender.com).