fig2

Figure 2. A broad-spectrum approach - In a broad-spectrum approach, heterogeneous subpopulations of chemoresistant immortalized cells are not targeted using a single targeted therapy or even a combination of 2-3 chemotherapy agents. Instead, a significant number of low toxicity agents are aimed at a multitude of key pathways/mechanisms simultaneously. Since most immortalized cells are driven by the pathways/mechanisms described in the Hallmarks of Cancer framework^[11], this approach increases the chance that a significant number of synergistic effects will be produced (i.e., since each affected cell will potentially be acted on in a multitude of ways).