fig1

Figure 1. Schematic of Epigenetic Regulation. A: cytosine methylation is mediated by DNA methyltransferases and methyl groups are removed by the activity of demethylase enzymes. Cytosine methylation is generally associated with a closed chromatin state; B: histone acetyltransferases transfer acetyl groups to histones while histone deacetylases remove acetyl groups. Histone acetylation generally promotes an open chromatin state that leads to increased transcriptional accessibility; C: bromodomain-containing proteins function as reader proteins that recognize acetylated histones and promote recruitment of transcriptional co-activators to those sites