fig1

Figure 1. Influence of the axonal ER morphology and dynamics on healthy and pathological axons. A: Factors important in the morphogenesis process and the dynamics of ER-related axonal tubular function [See Table 1 and Figure 2]; B: The axonal ER in a normal cell is active, exhibiting normal anterograde and retrograde trafficking; C:However, when tubular ER protein aggregates and other organelles accumulate in the axons under certain conditions (like gene mutation or failed clearance), leading to axonal deformation, there are axonal transport abnormalities; ER: Endoplasmic reticulum; Rab10,18: ras-related GTP-binding protein 10,18; EB1: End-binding 1; STIM1: Stromal interaction molecule 1; REEPs: Receptor accessory proteins; ATL: Atlastin; RTNs: Reticulons; P180: Protein 180; MTs: Microtubules.