fig1

Figure 1. The Immune System. Immunopathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Interactions between innate immune cells (left frame) and adaptive immune cells (right frame) on hepatocytes that promote NASH and the transition to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NK cell: Natural killer cell; CD4+: CD4+ helper T cell; CD8+: Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells; Tregs: regulatory T-cells; DAMPs: damage associated molecular patterns; IFN: interferon; ROS: reactive oxygen species; MPO: myeloperoxidase; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; TLR: toll-like receptor; TRAIL: tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand; OSEs: oxidative stress-derived epitopes; OPN: Osteopontin; VCAM: vascular cell adhesion molecule; IL: interleukin; PDL: programed death ligand.