fig1

Figure 1. Regulatory pathways of liver cancer stem cells (CSCs). Primary liver cancers are heterogeneously composed by bulk tumor cells and CSCs. Liver CSCs are characterized by the activation of several molecular regulatory pathways that contribute to support the maintenance of CSC stemness features, including Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, Hedgehog, Hippo/Yes-associated protein (YAP), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling pathways