fig1

Figure 1. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype M3 (M3R) agonist-induced signaling in human colon cancer cells. Post-M3R matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7) activation releases heparin binding epidermal growth factor (EGF) like growth factor (HBEGF), thereby activating EGF receptors (EGFR) signaling which promotes cell proliferation, survival and migration downstream extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation induces MMP7, which replenishes MMP7 (green arrow), and MMP1, which promotes colon cancer cell invasion (red arrow)