fig2

Figure 2. Incision planning for LVA. (A) Lymphatic channels (solid green lines) are mapped with ICG lymphography, and veins are mapped (dotted blue lines) with an infrared vein finder. 2-3 cm incisions are marked in sites where veins and lymphatics lie in proximity (red lines). Green circles mark the sites used for ICG injection in a distal-to-proximal sequence. (B) Immediate postoperative picture depicting the location of selected venules and lymphatics at each incision, with diagrams of the anastomotic configurations chosen. Blue staining of skin seen at sites of isosulphan blue injection is used for enhanced visualization of lymphatic channels during dissection. LVA: Lymphaticovenular anastomosis; ICG: indocyanine green.