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![Psychological stress enhances keloid development via stress hormone-induced abnormal cytokine profiles and inflammatory responses](https://image.oaes.cc/9c96d616-3ede-4872-816a-13b8c1fe7556/3553.fig.1.jpg)
Figure 1. Three possible pathways that may explain how stress hormones (NE, E) could induce abnormal cytokine profiles and inflammatory responses. TGF: transforming growth factor; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; AR: adrenergic receptors; IL: interleukin; NE: norepinephrine; E: epinephrine