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![2017-2023: state of the art of gene therapies in rare diseases in Europe: the dynamics of clinical R&D, new approved treatments and expected therapies in the pipelines](https://image.oaes.cc/801212cb-4bae-48af-ab1f-50ce623e5bf3/rdodj2029.fig.3.jpg)
Figure 3. Characterization of sponsors and European investigator countries involved in the development of gene therapies in rare diseases. Geographical distribution (%) of (A-B) countries sponsoring gene therapy studies in rare diseases or (C-D) countries involved as investigators of those studies in gene therapy protocols in the field of rare diseases (A, C) as a map representation, or (B, D) as a pie chart representation showing associated percentages.