fig1

Figure 1. Mitochondrial dysfunction leads to activation of inflammation. Release of oxidized mitochondrial DNA (ox-mtDNA) can induce pro-inflammatory signaling pathways via activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome or cGAS-STING pathways. Mt-DNA dependent NLRP3 activation leads to caspase-1 activation and maturation of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL1β. cGAS recognizes mtDNA in the cytosol and activates STING. STING phosphorylates IRF3 which induces a type I interferon transcriptional response (Created with BioRender.com).