fig3
From: Smart Grids as product-service systems in the framework of energy 5.0 - a state-of-the-art review
Figure 3. Energy 4.0 business models as a basis for development of the Energy 5.0 business model. AbLaV: Load management, interruptible loads; BNetzA: German Federal Network Agency for Electricity, Gas, Telecommunications, Postal Services and Railways; EnWG: ESA (European Space Agency)-NASA (National Aerronautics and Space Administration) working group; IT: information technology; MiFiD: markets in financial instruments directive (2004/39/EC); REMIT: regulation on wholesale energy market integrity and transparency.
